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隨(sui)著社(she)會經濟快速發展和(he)生(sheng)活水平(ping)不斷提(ti)高(gao)，人民對(dui)美好生(sheng)活的需(xu)求日益增長，群眾(zhong)對(dui)安全健(jian)康(kang)要求逐漸(jian)提(ti)高(gao)。飲(yin)用水安全是(shi)人民群眾(zhong)最(zui)關心、與身(shen)體健(jian)康(kang)關系最(zui)密切的重大民生(sheng)問題之一。黨中央、國務院高(gao)度重視飲(yin)用水安全問題，中央領(ling)導也曾多(duo)次作出重要批示，“讓(rang)百(bai)姓(xing)喝(he)上(shang)放(fang)心水”，是(shi)黨和(he)國家對(dui)廣大人民群眾(zhong)的莊嚴承諾(nuo)。

“十一五”以來，為切實提高(gao)我國(guo)(guo)飲(yin)(yin)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)安(an)全保(bao)障(zhang)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)，國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)啟動實施了國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)重大(da)水(shui)(shui)專項，專門設置(zhi)了飲(yin)(yin)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)安(an)全保(bao)障(zhang)主題(ti)，通過科技(ji)攻關帶動行(xing)業快速發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，我國(guo)(guo)飲(yin)(yin)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)行(xing)業已(yi)邁入了高(gao)速發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)新(xin)時代(dai)。近年(nian)來，關于(yu)優(you)質(zhi)飲(yin)(yin)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)、高(gao)品質(zhi)飲(yin)(yin)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)、健康(kang)飲(yin)(yin)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)、智慧水(shui)(shui)務、超(chao)大(da)規(gui)模供(gong)水(shui)(shui)體系(xi)(xi)、可持續(xu)供(gong)水(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)統、現(xian)代(dai)自來水(shui)(shui)廠等(deng)新(xin)的(de)理念、概念不斷涌現(xian)，北京、上海、深圳等(deng)超(chao)大(da)城市(shi)也相繼提出和實施了大(da)規(gui)模新(xin)的(de)飲(yin)(yin)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)改(gai)善工程，多個城市(shi)2035規(gui)劃明確提出飲(yin)(yin)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)整體水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)達到或優(you)于(yu)世界(jie)發(fa)(fa)達國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)城市(shi)，全國(guo)(guo)飲(yin)(yin)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)行(xing)業技(ji)術和管(guan)理發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)逐步(bu)進入了新(xin)的(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)階(jie)段。

一方面，小康社會的建成(cheng)以及人民對美(mei)好(hao)生活的向往(wang)將(jiang)推動我國飲(yin)用水水質(zhi)的進(jin)一步改善與提(ti)升，更大規模的飲(yin)用水設(she)施改造與提(ti)升是未來本領域建設(she)的重要內容。

另一(yi)方(fang)面，隨著(zhu)現(xian)代綠色發(fa)(fa)展、信息技術(shu)(shu)、人工(gong)智(zhi)能、新型材(cai)料、高端制造、系統(tong)集(ji)成(cheng)等(deng)新興行業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)快速發(fa)(fa)展與滲入(ru)，智(zhi)慧城(cheng)市(shi)的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)設如火如荼(tu)，我國飲用(yong)水(shui)行業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)理念已(yi)發(fa)(fa)生新的(de)(de)(de)轉變，與相(xiang)關的(de)(de)(de)技術(shu)(shu)結(jie)合和(he)(he)落地(di)應用(yong)已(yi)成(cheng)為行業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)共識。近年來，上(shang)述兩(liang)大(da)因(yin)素(su)極大(da)地(di)推動著(zhu)我國飲用(yong)水(shui)行業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展。對于接下來15年乃至(zhi)未(wei)來飲用(yong)水(shui)行業(ye)方(fang)向和(he)(he)供水(shui)系統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)構建(jian)，可基(ji)本遵(zun)循以下4個理念：

• 飲用水水質發展將(jiang)遵(zun)循“安全(quan)與健康（Safe & Healthy）”理念。

• 飲(yin)用(yong)水(shui)的工藝(yi)設(she)施發(fa)展將遵(zun)循(xun)“低碳與綠色（Saving & Green）”理念。

• 飲(yin)用水系統的(de)運(yun)維將(jiang)遵循“智(zhi)慧與智(zhi)能（Smart & Intelligent）”理念。

• 飲(yin)用水(shui)(shui)供水(shui)(shui)安全體系將遵循“系統與(yu)韌性（Systematic & Resilient）”理(li)念。

1 “安全與健康(kang)（Safe & Healthy）”的理念

飲(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)保障(zhang)提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)是供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)領域持續追求的(de)(de)工(gong)作目(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)。2007年《生(sheng)(sheng)活飲(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)衛生(sheng)(sheng)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)》（GB 5749-2006）頒布實施，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)檢測指(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)由原來的(de)(de)35項(xiang)擴展(zhan)(zhan)到106項(xiang)。經過十余年間(jian)的(de)(de)努力(li)，我國飲(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大幅提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)，城市飲(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)達標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)率(lv)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)到了(le)目(mu)(mu)前(qian)的(de)(de)98%以上。為(wei)(wei)進一步(bu)(bu)滿(man)足人(ren)民對美好生(sheng)(sheng)活的(de)(de)向(xiang)往，接下來一方(fang)面城市供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)目(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)將從出廠水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)穩定達標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)轉(zhuan)變(bian)為(wei)(wei)龍頭水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)穩定達標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)，另一方(fang)面將從合(he)(he)格水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)轉(zhuan)變(bian)為(wei)(wei)更加優(you)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)健(jian)康(kang)的(de)(de)飲(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，更加重視(shi)飲(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)口感。為(wei)(wei)此，未來將從飲(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)目(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)評(ping)價(jia)3個方(fang)面進一步(bu)(bu)推(tui)動(dong)提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)飲(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，突破(po)健(jian)康(kang)效應引導的(de)(de)風險(xian)(xian)污染(ran)物(wu)(wu)識別與控制技(ji)術，構建飲(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)安全(quan)(quan)健(jian)康(kang)評(ping)價(jia)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)體系等(deng)。在發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)目(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)方(fang)面，飲(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)目(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)從“合(he)(he)格、達標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)”向(xiang)“安全(quan)(quan)、優(you)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、健(jian)康(kang)”轉(zhuan)變(bian)，除了(le)關注(zhu)對人(ren)體健(jian)康(kang)有(you)(you)害(hai)的(de)(de)指(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)及(ji)限值(zhi)外(wai),也需(xu)要逐步(bu)(bu)關注(zhu)對人(ren)體有(you)(you)益的(de)(de)指(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)及(ji)限值(zhi)；標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)導向(xiang)方(fang)面，飲(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)從“常規污染(ran)物(wu)(wu)”向(xiang)“常規+優(you)控污染(ran)物(wu)(wu)”轉(zhuan)變(bian)，當前(qian)更加符(fu)合(he)(he)我國水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)特征和用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)需(xu)求的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)也正在修(xiu)訂完善中(zhong)；健(jian)康(kang)評(ping)價(jia)方(fang)面，飲(yin)(yin)(yin)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)評(ping)價(jia)從“水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)指(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)評(ping)價(jia)”向(xiang)“健(jian)康(kang)效應評(ping)價(jia)”轉(zhuan)變(bian)，在關注(zhu)單(dan)一微生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)造成的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)風險(xian)(xian)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)化學(xue)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)導致的(de)(de)毒理學(xue)問題的(de)(de)基礎(chu)上，更加關注(zhu)基于復合(he)(he)污染(ran)效應的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)安全(quan)(quan)與健(jian)康(kang)評(ping)價(jia)等(deng)。

2 “低碳與(yu)綠色（Saving & Green）”理(li)念

近年來，我國相繼發展了(le)多種(zhong)預(yu)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理、強(qiang)化常規和深度處(chu)(chu)(chu)理工藝(yi)，并實現集(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)性(xing)創新，有效(xiao)解決了(le)高(gao)藻、高(gao)有機物(wu)、高(gao)氨氮(dan)、異嗅味、重金屬、氟(fu)砷等突出水(shui)質(zhi)污染問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)。目前(qian)各類組合式、長(chang)流程的凈(jing)水(shui)工藝(yi)已成(cheng)(cheng)發展趨勢，“生(sheng)物(wu)或(huo)化學預(yu)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理—強(qiang)化/常規處(chu)(chu)(chu)理—臭氧(yang)生(sheng)物(wu)活性(xing)炭處(chu)(chu)(chu)理技術(shu)”已成(cheng)(cheng)為我國飲用(yong)水(shui)深度處(chu)(chu)(chu)理主流工藝(yi)；“預(yu)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理+強(qiang)化/常規+超(chao)濾膜(mo)/納(na)濾膜(mo)”處(chu)(chu)(chu)理技術(shu)也(ye)在(zai)逐步大(da)(da)量(liang)應用(yong)。然而，現有我國凈(jing)水(shui)廠(chang)普遍存在(zai)工藝(yi)冗長(chang)、運維耗(hao)能、藥劑量(liang)大(da)(da)等突出問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)，與(yu)綠(lv)色可持續發展理念(nian)存在(zai)較大(da)(da)的差(cha)距。為此，未來將(jiang)從(cong)潔(jie)凈(jing)能源、物(wu)質(zhi)節約及環境友好(hao)3方面(mian)提升未來水(shui)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理系統效(xiao)能，實現水(shui)廠(chang)可持續發展。

• 在凈水工藝方面(mian)，凈水流(liu)(liu)程(cheng)與水源水質適(shi)配，對風險進行(xing)精準(zhun)調控，水處(chu)(chu)理工藝向近自然(ran)處(chu)(chu)理、短(duan)流(liu)(liu)程(cheng)、高效能系統轉變，讓水處(chu)(chu)理過程(cheng)更簡(jian)約(yue)。

• 在資源利用方面，系統能(neng)(neng)量流(liu)與(yu)物質流(liu)朝低(di)碳、節約、集約化等方向持(chi)續發展，綜合利用清(qing)潔能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)（風能(neng)(neng)、光伏發電(dian)等），并行(xing)開(kai)展水(shui)(shui)泵(beng)節能(neng)(neng)降耗(hao)與(yu)精確投(tou)藥(yao)，讓水(shui)(shui)處(chu)理過程更清(qing)潔。

• 在環境友好方(fang)面，激發(fa)太陽光和分子氧的氧化能(neng)力，推廣應用無機膜(mo)，盡量“少(shao)用與不(bu)用”化學(xue)藥(yao)劑，減(jian)少(shao)新生(sheng)廢物(wu)的產生(sheng)，讓生(sheng)產的水更健康。 

3 “智慧(hui)與(yu)智能（Smart & Intelligent）”理(li)念

隨(sui)著 21 世紀網(wang)絡化(hua)、數據(ju)化(hua)時代(dai)的(de)到來(lai),現代(dai)信息技(ji)(ji)術已經并將(jiang)繼(ji)續深(shen)刻(ke)改變傳統(tong)產業發(fa)展模式，加速產業的(de)變革。生產管(guan)理的(de)智(zhi)(zhi)慧智(zhi)(zhi)能代(dai)表著未來(lai)發(fa)展方(fang)向，如何充(chong)分利(li)用快(kuai)速發(fa)展的(de)大(da)數據(ju)、人工智(zhi)(zhi)能和信息技(ji)(ji)術構(gou)建(jian)智(zhi)(zhi)慧化(hua)供水(shui)系(xi)統(tong)是世界(jie)各國(guo)普遍關注的(de)方(fang)向。針對我(wo)國(guo)城鎮供水(shui)系(xi)統(tong)設施老化(hua)、漏(lou)損多發(fa)、能耗高(gao)企、管(guan)理落后等突出問題，未來(lai)要深(shen)度融合人工智(zhi)(zhi)能、大(da)數據(ju)、物聯網(wang)，建(jian)立供水(shui)智(zhi)(zhi)能物聯網(wang)與在線監測大(da)數據(ju)平臺，突破漏(lou)損控(kong)制、優化(hua)運行、事故預(yu)警等供水(shui)智(zhi)(zhi)慧化(hua)運營(ying)核(he)心關鍵(jian)技(ji)(ji)術應(ying)用，構(gou)建(jian)以智(zhi)(zhi)慧水(shui)廠和智(zhi)(zhi)慧管(guan)網(wang)為(wei)核(he)心的(de)供水(shui)系(xi)統(tong)智(zhi)(zhi)能數字(zi)孿(luan)生體。

在智(zhi)慧水廠(chang)建設方面，可利用(yong)BIM、工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)單(dan)元數學建模(mo)、虛擬(ni)現實等(deng)技術構建飲(yin)用(yong)水處理工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)單(dan)元的虛擬(ni)仿(fang)真模(mo)型，結(jie)合由水質、水位、水壓(ya)等(deng)多類型新型傳感器(qi)組(zu)成的在線監測(ce)網絡，圍(wei)繞(rao)混凝劑(ji)智(zhi)能化(hua)投(tou)加、沉(chen)淀(dian)、（膜）過濾、消(xiao)毒工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)參(can)數的優(you)化(hua)及(ji)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)過程(cheng)的智(zhi)能調控等(deng)核心應用(yong)，構建數字孿生飲(yin)用(yong)水廠(chang)。

在智(zhi)慧管(guan)(guan)(guan)網(wang)建(jian)設方面，利(li)用三維GIS、管(guan)(guan)(guan)網(wang)在線水(shui)力(li)水(shui)質模擬、機器學習算法等手段構建(jian)供(gong)水(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)網(wang)的(de)實(shi)時在線模型(xing)系統(tong)(tong)，圍(wei)繞(rao)智(zhi)能優化(hua)調度(du)、漏損爆管(guan)(guan)(guan)偵測(ce)與定(ding)位、管(guan)(guan)(guan)網(wang)水(shui)質保(bao)障(zhang)與突發污染防(fang)控等核(he)心應(ying)用，構建(jian)數字孿(luan)生(sheng)供(gong)水(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)網(wang)。通過(guo)供(gong)水(shui)系統(tong)(tong)數字孿(luan)生(sheng)體的(de)構建(jian)，為未來(lai)的(de)供(gong)水(shui)系統(tong)(tong)的(de)智(zhi)能化(hua)與智(zhi)慧化(hua)運行(xing)提(ti)供(gong)技術與平臺支撐。

4 “系統(tong)與韌性（Systematic & Resilient）”理念

飲(yin)(yin)用水(shui)保障(zhang)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)涉及到水(shui)源(yuan)、水(shui)廠、管網(wang)、二次與末端供(gong)水(shui)等(deng)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)列環(huan)節，涉及到規(gui)劃(hua)、設(she)(she)(she)計、建設(she)(she)(she)和運行(xing)維(wei)護等(deng)多個過(guo)程，因此(ci)需要統(tong)(tong)(tong)籌考慮、系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)治理(li)，強(qiang)(qiang)調系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)性、協同性和整體(ti)性。針對現有(you)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)應(ying)(ying)對供(gong)水(shui)安全(quan)(quan)風(feng)險和突發事(shi)(shi)件能力弱等(deng)問題，未來將從設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)抵御風(feng)險強(qiang)(qiang)化、規(gui)模化系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)集成、頂層(ceng)(ceng)規(gui)劃(hua)設(she)(she)(she)計等(deng)方向(xiang)(xiang)發展(zhan)，構建高韌(ren)性、快速響應(ying)(ying)的(de)飲(yin)(yin)用水(shui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)。以抵御風(feng)險為目標導向(xiang)(xiang)，供(gong)水(shui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)從單元適配向(xiang)(xiang)源(yuan)-廠-網(wang)聯動、自(zi)適應(ying)(ying)方向(xiang)(xiang)轉變與發展(zhan)；以系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)集成為實踐途徑，傳統(tong)(tong)(tong)市(shi)域獨立系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)通(tong)過(guo)城市(shi)群的(de)協作，實現原水(shui)和清水(shui)的(de)互(hu)聯互(hu)通(tong)，統(tong)(tong)(tong)籌聯動；通(tong)過(guo)頂層(ceng)(ceng)謀劃(hua)，著(zhu)眼頂層(ceng)(ceng)“規(gui)劃(hua)-設(she)(she)(she)計-建設(she)(she)(she)-運行(xing)”全(quan)(quan)過(guo)程設(she)(she)(she)計，實現未來飲(yin)(yin)用水(shui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)應(ying)(ying)對隨機或確定(ding)事(shi)(shi)件韌(ren)性的(de)特征。綜合分析(xi)城市(shi)飲(yin)(yin)用水(shui)安全(quan)(quan)保障(zhang)面臨(lin)的(de)優勢和劣勢、挑(tiao)戰和機遇，從突發事(shi)(shi)件、承災載(zai)體(ti)、應(ying)(ying)急管理(li)等(deng)維(wei)度(du)出(chu)發，提出(chu)具有(you)可(ke)操作性飲(yin)(yin)用水(shui)安全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)及供(gong)給(gei)的(de)保障(zhang)措施(shi)。

5 結語

保障飲(yin)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)安(an)全(quan)(quan)是關系(xi)到國計民生的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要問題，也(ye)是全(quan)(quan)面建設(she)小(xiao)康社會(hui)的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要考量(liang)指標(biao)。隨(sui)著廣大人民群(qun)眾對飲(yin)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)質量(liang)要求的(de)(de)(de)不斷(duan)提(ti)(ti)升，在(zai)(zai)接下來(lai)逐步實(shi)現龍頭(tou)(tou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)穩定達標(biao)同時，未(wei)來(lai)飲(yin)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)質追求口感優良、優質健康的(de)(de)(de)趨(qu)勢日漸明顯；在(zai)(zai)保障水(shui)(shui)(shui)質安(an)全(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)前提(ti)(ti)下，不斷(duan)突破高效綠色的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)處理技(ji)術(shu)，發展不加藥(yao)或少加藥(yao)、短流程、資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)集約(yue)/綠色利用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)新時代(dai)自(zi)來(lai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)廠工藝，也(ye)將是飲(yin)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)科技(ji)創(chuang)新的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要發展方向；隨(sui)著物聯網、人工智能(neng)、大數(shu)據等信(xin)息技(ji)術(shu)等在(zai)(zai)供水(shui)(shui)(shui)領(ling)域的(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)不斷(duan)拓展和融入，未(wei)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)飲(yin)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)統將更加智能(neng)與(yu)智慧，這(zhe)也(ye)將有效推動供水(shui)(shui)(shui)行業的(de)(de)(de)快速發展；通過(guo)復(fu)雜化、系(xi)統化、自(zi)適應(ying)、韌性可靠系(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)建設(she)，構(gou)建出源(yuan)(yuan)頭(tou)(tou)到龍頭(tou)(tou)的(de)(de)(de)多級風(feng)險管控體系(xi)，未(wei)來(lai)將極大提(ti)(ti)高供水(shui)(shui)(shui)行業的(de)(de)(de)效能(neng)和供水(shui)(shui)(shui)安(an)全(quan)(quan)保障水(shui)(shui)(shui)平。

原文標題：基于“4S”理念的未來飲用水系統；作者：同濟大學環境科學與工程學院市政工程系。刊登在《給水排水》2020年第11期水業導航專欄。